HEY JUDE
THE BEATLES
SONGWRITERS: JOHN LENNON & PAUL MCCARTNEY
COUNTRY: U. K.
ALBUM: THE BEATLES
LABEL: APPLE RECORDS
GENRE: POP ROCK
YEAR: 1968
The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. The group, whose
best-known line-up comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, are regarded as the most influential band of all
time. They were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form. Rooted
in skiffle,
beat and 1950s rock and roll, their sound incorporated
elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative
ways; the band later explored music styles ranging from ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. As pioneers in recording,
songwriting and artistic presentation, the Beatles revolutionised many aspects
of the music industry and were often publicised as leaders of the era's youth and sociocultural movements.
Led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney,
the Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over three years from 1960, initially with Stuart Sutcliffe playing bass. The core trio of Lennon,
McCartney and Harrison, together since 1958, went through a succession of
drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join
them in 1962. Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a
professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding their
domestic success after their first hit, "Love Me Do", in late 1962. As their popularity grew into the
intense fan frenzy dubbed "Beatlemania",
the band acquired the nickname "the Fab Four", with Epstein, Martin
and other members of the band's entourage sometimes given the informal title of
"fifth Beatle".
By
early 1964, the Beatles were international stars, leading the "British Invasion"
of the United States pop market and breaking numerous sales records. They
soon made their film debut with A Hard Day's Night (1964). From 1965 onwards, they produced records of greater
complexity, including the albums Rubber Soul (1965), Revolver (1966) and Sgt.
Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band(1967),
and enjoyed further commercial success with The Beatles(also
known as "the White Album", 1968) and Abbey Road(1969).
In 1968, they founded Apple Corps, a multi-armed multimedia
corporation that continues to oversee projects related to the band's legacy.
After the group's break-up in 1970, all four members enjoyed success as solo artists. Lennon
was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of lung cancer in November 2001.
McCartney and
Starr remain musically active.
The Beatles are the best-selling music act of all
time, with estimated sales of 600 million units
worldwide. They are the best-selling act in the US, with
certified sales of 183 million units. They hold the record for most number-one
albums on the UK Albums Chart, most number-one hits on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, and most
singles sold in the UK. The group were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988, and all four main members were inducted individually
between 1994 and 2015. In 2008, the group topped Billboard's
list of the all-time most successful artists on the Billboard Hot 100. The band
received seven Grammy Awards, four Brit Awards, an Academy Award(for Best
Original Song Score for the 1970 film Let It Be)
and fifteen Ivor Novello Awards.
Time magazine named them among the 20th
century's 100 most important people.
"Hey Jude" is a song by the English
rock band the Beatles that was released as a
non-album single in August 1968. It was written by Paul McCartney and credited to the Lennon–McCartney partnership. The single was the Beatles' first release on their Apple record label and one of the
"First Four" singles by Apple's roster of artists, marking the
label's public launch. "Hey Jude" was a number-one hit in many countries around
the world and became the year's top-selling single in the UK, the US, Australia
and Canada. Its nine-week run at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 tied the
all-time record in 1968 for the longest run at the top of the US charts. It has sold approximately eight
million copies and is frequently included on music critics' lists of the
greatest songs of all time.
The
writing and recording of "Hey Jude" coincided with a period of
upheaval in the Beatles. The ballad evolved from "Hey Jules", a song McCartney wrote to
comfort John Lennon's son, Julian, after Lennon had left his wife
for the Japanese artist Yoko Ono. The lyrics espouse a positive outlook on a sad
situation, while also encouraging "Jude" to pursue his opportunities
to find love. After the fourth verse, the song shifts to a coda featuring a "Na-na-na na"
refrain that lasts for over four minutes.
"Hey Jude" was the first Beatles
song to be recorded on eight-track recording equipment. The sessions took place at Trident Studios in central
London, midway through the recording of the group's self-titled double album (also known as the "White Album"), and led to an argument
between McCartney and George Harrison over the song's guitar part. Ringo Starr later
left the band only to return shortly before they filmed the promotional clip
for the single. The clip was directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg and first aired on David Frost's UK
television show. Contrasting
with the problems afflicting the band, this performance captured the song's
theme of optimism and togetherness by featuring the studio audience joining the
Beatles as they sang the coda.
At over seven minutes in length, "Hey
Jude" was the longest single to top the British charts up to that time. Its
arrangement and extended coda encouraged many imitative works through to the
early 1970s. In 2013, Billboard magazine named it the 10th "biggest" song of all time in
terms of chart success. McCartney has continued to perform "Hey Jude"
in concert since Lennon's death in 1980,
leading audiences in singing the coda. Julian Lennon and McCartney have each bid successfully at
auction for items of memorabilia related to the song's creation.
Hey, Jude, don't make
it bad
Take a sad song and make it better
Remember to let her into your heart
Then you can start to make it better
Hey, Jude, don't be
afraid
You were made to go out and get her
The minute you let her under your skin
Then you begin to make it better
And anytime you feel
the pain
Hey, Jude, refrain
Don't carry the world upon your shoulders
For well you know
that it's a fool
Who plays it cool
By making his world a
little colder
Na na na na na na na
na
Hey, Jude, don't let
me down
You have found her now go and get her
Remember (hey, Jude) to let her into your heart
Then you can start to make it better
So let it out and let
it in
Hey, Jude, begin
You're waiting for someone to perform with
And don't you know that is just you?
And don't you know that is just you?
Hey, Jude, you'll do!
The movement you need
is on your shoulder
Na na na na na na na
na
Hey, Jude, don't make
it bad
Take a sad song and make it better
Remember to let her under your skin
Then you'll begin to make it better (better, better, better, better,
better, oh!)
Na, na na na na na,
na na na, hey, Jude
Na, na na na na na,
na na na, hey, Jude.
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